🎯 Título: Qué se sabe sobre el compromiso (engagement) del atleta
📌 En breve: Una revisión de alcance (scoping review) de 48 estudios identificó 41 factores asociados al compromiso del atleta, destacando el burnout, la motivación, el perfeccionismo y la relación con el entrenador.
🔬 Puntos clave:
### Cómo se hizo
Los autores realizaron una revisión de alcance siguiendo metodología PRISMA-ScR, buscando en siete bases de datos: de 1428 artículos encontrados, 48 estudios publicados entre 2007 y 2024 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, la mayoría cuantitativos y transversales, usando el Cuestionario de Compromiso del Atleta.
### Qué se encontró
Se identificaron 41 factores asociados al compromiso del atleta, clasificados como antecedentes, consecuencias, mediadores o variables relacionadas. Los factores psicológicos más estudiados fueron el burnout, la motivación, el perfeccionismo y la relación entrenador-atleta.
### Qué significa
Es la primera síntesis sistemática que reúne toda la evidencia empírica sobre este tema, sentando una base para desarrollar modelos teóricos e intervenciones futuras basadas en evidencia.
🎯 Aplicación clínica para LATAM: Programas de desarrollo de entrenadores en la región pueden usar esta lista de factores asociados al compromiso del atleta (especialmente la relación entrenador-atleta) para diseñar intervenciones, aunque los propios autores aclaran que se trata de asociaciones documentadas en la literatura, no de relaciones causales probadas.
⚠ Limitaciones: Es una revisión de alcance que mapea la literatura existente (48 estudios heterogéneos), no un estudio original ni un metaanálisis cuantitativo de efectos.
Background
Athlete engagement represents a critical construct for understanding optimal athletic functioning, yet the field lacks comprehensive theoretical models integrating its diverse correlates. While previous research has identified various factors influencing engagement, no systematic synthesis exists mapping all empirical evidence across populations, languages, and sporting contexts. This scoping review addresses this critical gap by providing the first comprehensive, systematic synthesis of all factors associated with athlete engagement, establishing the foundational evidence base necessary for theoretical model development and evidence-based interventions.
Methods
The review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, Arksey and O'Malley's five stages and the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. A comprehensive search was carried out in seven databases and 1428 papers were retrieved. After removing duplicates and applying eligibility criteria, 70 studies were assessed for eligibility. After removing papers of poor quality, unavailable papers and papers investigating other types of engagement, 48 papers published between 2007 and 2024 were selected for analysis.
Results
The majority of these papers were quantitative and cross-sectional, using the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire to measure athlete engagement. The review identified 41 correlates of athlete engagement, categorised as antecedents, consequences, mediators or related variables. Psychological factors, such as burnout, motivation, perfectionism and the coach-athlete relationship, were the most commonly studied.
Conclusions
The results highlight the significant role of burnout, motivation, perfectionism and the coach-athlete relationship in enhancing engagement and emphasise the importance of developing training programmes that address these factors in order to promote athlete engagement.
Registration
The following scoping review was appropriately registered on the Open Science Framework ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/TWNZM ).
Cómo citar:
De Francisco C, Scurtu MC, Vílchez MP. (2026).
What Is Known About Athlete Engagement: A Scoping Review.. Sports medicine - open.
DOI: 10.1186/s40798-026-00975-5 ↗ PMID: 41593288 ↗ Acceso al paper: Ver completo ↗
